PoW vs PoS: Explaining the two Consensus Mechanisms in one sentence

After the ETH merge, the terms PoW (Proof of Work) and PoS (Proof of Stake) have become popular again. In simple terms, it means:

What is PoW? Miners solve mathematical problems, and whoever solves it first can package transactions and receive rewards. It is similar to a competition across the entire network, where the winner takes all. Disadvantages: high power consumption and high entry barriers.

What is PoS? Instead of solving problems, it looks at how many coins you have locked (stake). The more coins you have, the greater your “voting power”. The system randomly selects you to verify transactions. Ethereum requires 32 ETH to become a validator. Advantages: energy-efficient, allows retail investors to participate.

What are the core differences? PoW relies on computational power for competition, while PoS depends on capital participation in voting. Both aim to achieve consensus in a decentralized network, but the methods are completely different.

What impact does it have on ordinary users? To be honest, users won't feel much difference in their daily experience. However, in the long run, PoS allows more people to participate in the maintenance of blockchain security, lowering the entry barrier, which is beneficial for ecological expansion.