Vitalik Buterin Revealed Ethereum's Multi-Stage Scaling Strategy

Ethereum Co-Founder Vitalik Buterin presented a detailed vision for the network’s development, proposing to divide the scaling process into two clearly defined phases. According to him, this two-layer approach will help the network overcome current throughput limitations while addressing the blockchain state bloat issue.

Short-term Phase: Technological Improvements through Glamsterdam Upgrade

In the near term, the focus will be on the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade, which will introduce several key innovations. Vitalik Buterin emphasized that the block-level access list will enable faster transaction verification, which is critical for improving performance.

The ePBS mechanism (encrypted proposer and builder role separation) will have additional time to verify each block, reducing the risk of failures and enhancing network reliability. Simultaneously, dynamic gas pricing will be implemented based on actual transaction times, making fees more equitable.

Multidimensional Gas: A New Approach to Resource Management

The introduction of multidimensional gas represents a fundamental shift in Ethereum’s architecture. This system separates the cost of creating new state from standard execution costs, allowing for larger smart contracts without exhausting the total gas limit. This addresses one of the most pressing issues—state bloat—that slows down the entire network.

To ensure compatibility, an “reservoir” mechanism will be implemented within the EVM, guaranteeing the correct operation of all existing smart contracts and gas-consuming operations.

Long-term Strategy: Focus on ZK-EVM and Blob Optimization

In the long run, Ethereum will gradually transition to a full multidimensional gas pricing model, ensuring the platform’s economic sustainability while maintaining flexibility for future adaptations. The focus will shift toward improving ZK-EVM and expanding blob capabilities.

The PeerDAS technology will enable blobs to achieve data availability levels of 8 MB/sec, radically changing verification architecture. Instead of requiring full data downloads for each block, validators will be able to verify information directly through a selective availability mechanism. This approach will not only speed up node synchronization but also lower entry barriers for network participants.

Vitalik’s Vision: Sustainable Network Development

Vitalik Buterin envisions Ethereum’s path as a continuous transformation from short-term optimizations to fundamental architectural changes. This strategy reaffirms the network’s commitment to creating a truly scalable platform capable of handling millions of transactions while maintaining decentralization and security.